Les Quatre Voyages de Juan Buscamares (travel Four John Seeker) Review Essay Example

Les Quatre Voyages de Juan Buscamares (travel Four John Seeker) Review Paper Essay on Les Quatre Voyages de Juan Buscamares (travel Four John Seeker) So great beginning for the classics a submarine in the steppes of Ukraine was killed in an unequal air battle to the third volume tetralogy Chilean artist Felix Vega turns into no less than the classic, Akira. What, however, is even in the subject. The first volume of the Four trips was released in 1997, by 2003, passing Water, Air and Earth, John completed his journey in the Fire. Very nice comic happily exploiting the grotesque, of interest primarily in visual terms. If you are close to the theme of post-apocalypse, cyber-punk, steam-punk and a punk approach to literature and cinema, I think you will like it. Without any preamble, the reader immediately thrown into the thick of things, and only in the third volume we have at least something to learn about the past of the protagonist, we find allusions to the nature of his mysterious figures. John travels the world, survived an environmental catastrophe. His adventure begins in the dried up sea the valley through which it travels many years, hoping to find a new sea. We will write a custom essay sample on Les Quatre Voyages de Juan Buscamares (travel Four John Seeker) Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Les Quatre Voyages de Juan Buscamares (travel Four John Seeker) Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Les Quatre Voyages de Juan Buscamares (travel Four John Seeker) Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When I saw the sea in my dreams, I always stood on the shore I felt something or the insignificant speck that stared at a sleeping titan, whose breath raises the storm. Look at him now it seems that it is looking at us from the depths of waiting until we fall to devour us . In the first volume, on which pages and feel the dust and sand, contains many references to biblical subjects. In fact, John archetypal elect, whose adventure is glued together as a collage of fragments of the history of Jesus Christ. Just crucifixion and ends pery that. However, in the continuation of Vega rejects biblical themes, more care in the jungle of esoteric mysticism per se, but on the form uses many of the myths:. For example, the Flood, Icarus and Daedalus In his wanderings, John meets a beautiful prostitute Hallelujah, which relatives are selling for water. Love this girl, show him an angel makes him indulge in the most desperate skirmish Just John haunt (in addition to the various thugs and fanatics who think the hero elected) toddler vision jacket -. Little Prince Exupery. The third volume is trivial at first explained that, literally, immediately reborn in even more grotesque. Although, in fact, after all, The Little Prince -. Was a traveler Finder As you might guess from the volume name each dedicated to a specific element Volume One -. Water, about the search for the sea and how water is returned to a dying world. The Earth can not die, and someday be reborn. and as it turned grandiose flood. volume two Air of the miraculous rescue on a volatile ark and acquiring new Earth The third volume -. The Earth, I think, about how after the flood before the heroes of the task of creating a new world, a new story . There is a choice return to earth a sinner, or to plant beautiful gardens. But, despite the pessimistic nature of man, the author, unfortunately, does not promise Eden. Though the company had escaped crept good 🙂 Though, perhaps a final answer that will give the fourth? Learn how to read. Of course, the Four Travel John Seeker Yet most dynamic fighter in which philosophical component is nice seasoning. And, first of all, it is wonderful drawn comic book with interesting characters and cheerful, martial narrative, playing on the well-known stories. Postmodernism is it? Rather, just a beautiful game as proof ad absurdum. Download the first three volumes in the Russian translation here

Spatial Data Acquisition essays

Spatial Data Acquisition essays Title of Lecture: Spatial data acquisition and system modeling: notes from the field and the lab. Department of Lecture: Earth Sciences Date and Time of Lecture: January 13th, 2000 at 4:30pm The primary purpose of the project is to use model simulations to forecast spatial patterns among various species in the environment. By comparing current situations with test results, Graniero hopes to have the ability to predict spatial patterns for species in the environment. This will give environmentalists and scientists alike the ability to prevent specie disaster and to study such areas as future habitat. Description of Research/Technology used: Granieros first step involved measuring the earths topography, under the bedrock of the surface. This experiment took place in Newfoundland, Canada. To do this he took a random sampling scheme. These schemes were tested at a density of 40 points per hectare. In order to bring the most precise and comprehensive data to the table, such technologies as mobile computers and GPS systems were used. The field in which was being tested proved to be very difficult to measure due to the changing system and the high demand of physical resource. His objective still remained the same though, to take this data and run a model that would enable him forecast spatial data on various species. The model he used was known as Cellular Automation (CA). The models properties were as follows: a finite set of discrete states and a state transition rule where the next state is determined by; current cell state, states of the nearest neighbours, and the state of other layers. The model worked in sp ecific steps. First, a spatial structure was built. Second, data was collected from it. Third, the simulation of different collection agencies were put forth. Fourth, the model information was ...

The Principal Parts of Verbs

The Principal Parts of Verbs In English grammar, the term principal parts  describes the basic forms of a verb including the base or infinite, the past tense or preterite and the past participle. From the base form, one can derive the third-person singular -s form in words like looks and sees and the present participle -ing in words like looking and seeing, with some textbooks regarding the present participle as a fourth principal part of a verb. Irregular verbs may have three, four, or five forms, though, depending on whether or not a form is used for two or three form types. For all except the verb be, which may be unpredictable, the s- and -ing participle are always available and its alteration of the base acts predictably. Understanding Principal Parts of Regular and Irregular Verbs In order for new English learners to best understand how not to make mistake when conjugating irregular verbs, one must first grasp the concept of the principal parts of regular verbs. In most cases, verbs will change uniformly when -ed, -s, and -ing are added, keeping their original form spelling but changing the tense of the verb. However, irregular verbs, which defy the usual pattern, often change spelling entirely depending on tense, especially in the case of forms of the verb be. Roy Peter Clark uses the examples of lie and lay and run in The Glamour of Grammar: A Guide to the Magic and Mystery of Practical English. For run, Clark states, the simple past, we know, is not runned...the principal parts are run, ran, run. In this case, the irregular verb has its own rules. If you are confused about the correct principal part of a verb, its best to consult a dictionary. In the case of regular verbs, only one form will be given, but irregular verbs will give the second and third parts after the verb such as it does for the words go, went, and gone. Primary and Perfect Tenses The principal parts of verbs effectively carry a sense of time with their use, but the manner in which they convey  the action of the verb determines which tense classification linguists and grammarians categorize them as either primary or perfect in either the present, past, or future tenses. In the primary tenses, an action is considered ongoing, even if it occurred in the past or future tense. Take the verb call as an example. For the present tense, one would say today, I call, while in the past primary tense, one would say I called and in future would say I will call. On the other hand, perfect tenses describe actions that have already been completed. As Patricia Osborn puts it in How Grammar Works: A Self-Teaching Guide, verbs in this tense are called perfect because anything perfect is complete, and the perfect tenses stress an action at its completion. In the example of call, one would say Before now, I have called, for present perfect, I had called for past perfect and I will have called in the future perfect tense.

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Leadership - Essay Example Thirdly, the leader should provide the knowledge and methods needed to realize the vision and influence others to buy into the idea. As passion is contagious, the leader must communicate in a passionate and clear way. Consequently, the leader should coordinate and balance the conflicting interests in stakeholders and be able to think and act creatively in difficult situations. There are traits that a leader should posses. Integrity, honest deals, controlled emotions with a predictable reaction to issues and an absence of harsh outbursts. Dedication is spending more time and energy to realize the vision by inspiring other members by example. Magnanimity is to give credit where it is due and be responsible for failures and humbleness to elevate everyone (Daft & Lane, 2011). A leader should have an open mind to listen to new ideas and suspend judgment while listening to others ideas, check the facts before passing judgment to gain trust and respect. Leaders are to be creative to think d ifferently and lead to new directions. Humor fosters good camaraderie. Humor is vital for a leader to relieve boredom, tensions and defuses hostility. This paper examines my leadership in terms of the participative theory and presents the plan of action to improve my motivation and leadership skills. Leadership theories, styles, and their influence on motivation The skills theory states that knowledge and abilities acquired by learning are significant factors for effective leadership. The argument in this theory is that skills and qualities learned, developed and acquired are keys to leadership performance. Skills are what leaders can accomplish, whereas traits are who leaders are (Northouse, 2009). Technical skills are knowledge, competency and proficiency in a specific work. For instance use of computer application software as MS office. Human skills assist us get along and communicate with people. Conceptual skills help leaders better decide and comprehend the actions and measure s for ideas and concepts. To some extent, the theory disavows a connection between the inherited characteristics and capacity to be an effective leader. However, it brings confusion when someone holds the skills and qualities but do not become a leader. This is one of the difficulties in using skills theory to explain leadership (Northouse, 2009). The situational theory, suggests that one needs to adjust and adapt to the circumstances in different situations to be an effective leader. The choice of action is based on situational variables. Factors to determine how to adapt are the competence and commitment of the stakeholders. Either aggressive decisions are made or there is room for negotiations (Ortimiere & Meese, 2010). In this theory, the leader may involve all members when making a critical decision and be task relevant. To determine the duties to assign, the leader should know the maturity level of followers in relation to a specific task. Therefore, situational leadership inf luences activities of individuals towards goal achievement in a given situation. According to the contingency theory, success depends on the leadership style, the qualities and traits of the followers and the aspect in which the situation is. It advocates for a positive approach towards unforeseen incidents. There should be a match between the leadership style and the unique situation or setting. It is different from the situational theory since, in situational the focus is on adapting to situations while in contingency effective leadership depends on the degree of fitness between a leaders qualities, style and that of a situation (Daft & Lane, 2011). The elements to be looked

Women's Education in Utah Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Women's Education in Utah - Essay Example As per the Utah culture, girls should get married at a young age. Contextually, because majority of the population follows the same tradition, young girls getting engaged in house-keeping and looking after their family, restrain themselves from college education. Even though globalization and modernization has enhanced the social structure to a large extent, promoting women in various fields and encouraging them to take part in higher education in Utah, the society and its women still lack way behind in comparison to other states of United America (Madsen and Hanewicz, 1-2). This thesis will thus aim to assess the complexity of the problem barricading Utah women to pursue higher education in colleges, emphasizing two solutions and their justifications to derive a rational conclusion. COMPLEXITY OF THE PROBLEM The major complexity associated with the identified problem of lower proportion women pursuing college education in Utah, has been the identification of the rudimental causes. N otably, developments can be witnessed in almost every prospect of the Utah society today with better health facilities, women centric non-profit programs and other governmental measures to empower women populaces for better sustainable economic growth. However, the percentage of women getting education at the college level is observed to be marginally lower than the average rate in the US states. One possible reason to this problem might be the culture of getting married at young age. Certainly, getting married at a young age may give rise to complexities owing to which, they sometimes may suffer the state of depression, which further disassociates them from studies. Additionally, it has been observed that women of Utah suffer a lot due to low self-esteem. The priority in the lives of women of Utah is their sense of responsibilities towards their family and child that has arguably curbed their interests for pursuing higher education to a certain extent. Furthermore, young girls are often observed to lack open-minded nature for growth to lead an independent life with a sense of pride. Also, the upbringing of girls in the Utah culture is performed in a family oriented manner, decreasing the value for higher education in their lives. Owing to similar reasons, women who tend to study higher education face many issues in the colleges, such as the low level of confidence, lack of motivation and support from the family mostly because of the cultural factors prevailing within the society. Additionally, due to many cultural factors and the typical mindset of the people, women with higher education have to face difficulties in getting a job in Utah. Hence, women who have the urge to groom themselves tend to move outside Utah and prefer to get education, employment and better earning opportunities in their livelihood outside the state (Jacobs, 170-177). FIRST PROPOSAL A possible solution to this problem can be done by stimulating change drivers in the social structure of Utah to discourage marriage at a very young age, by giving more importance to women education and by motivating them to realize their importance in every aspect of life. The problem can also be resolved by creating awareness in Utah for women to seek postsecondary credentials and grades for convenient wage careers, successful household- and homebuilding, involvement in society as an educated community associate, and also for personal satisfaction. In addition, steps can be taken to encourage distance education so that women can keep a balance between their family and education facing lesser hindrances from the society. It is also recommended that the Governor’s office should form and promote a Utah Centre for Women and Higher Education which will be used as a â€Å"

Financial Control Auditing Essay Example for Free

Financial Control Auditing Essay If you use a computer to record your business activity and maintain this data electronically, you are a candidate for an electronic audit. * What are the Benefits of e-Auditing? †¢It saves time – Electronic audits are completed much faster than traditional, manual audits. Company personnel and tax auditors spend less time working on the audit. †¢It saves paper – Electronic tax auditing reduces the amount of paper normally needed during the audit. †¢It is less disruptive to business – Electronic audits permit tax auditors to work at the tax office most of the time. Computer-assisted tax audit techniques reduce on-site audit time. In this way, there is minimal interference with the normal business of your company. †¢It is more efficient – More efficient techniques for reviewing taxpayer information are used in electronic audits. * The process of e-Auditing? To corporate taxpayers: 1- The preparatory stage begins when a tax auditor contacts the company. 2- He then familiarizes himself with the accounting system of the company, and negotiates with company managers responsible for accounting and finance. 3- They make agreements on when and how the electronic material should be delivered to the tax authority, and what copies of files should be created for the purpose. The tax auditor receives the files and converts them into a special database format used by the Finnish Tax Administration. 5- Later, the chief auditor and the company management will discuss the time schedule of the on-site tax audit, i. e. the part of the tax examination that takes place on company premises. * What are the Auditor†™s Responsibilities towards e-Auditing? Our tax auditors have received special training on information technology; they are aware of information security considerations and work under strict rules of confidentiality. Their PC and laptop workstations are protected and secure. They store the original material in a locked cabinet, and they make sure that the work files created from the company-supplied electronic materials are removed from the computers immediately after the audit. Depending on what has been agreed, physical data media (CDs etc. ) will either be returned to the company or destroyed. After the tax authority has issued the assessment decision or tax debiting decision, any files saved in Tax Administration systems will be deleted. The company will receive a message confirming the deletion. The use of expert systems in e-Auditing As computer power is enhanced and auditors are faced with making decisions in more complex environments, some accounting firms have begun to develop expert systems to assist their personnel in the audit process, An expert system is a complex system of computer progams that models the decision process of a human experts. The psychological methods used to gain an understanding of the human experts decision process and conversion of this decision process into mathematical equations and computer programs are fair beyond the scope of this text. Legal Authority The right of the Finnish Tax Administration to receive computer files for the purposes of audit is based on the following tax laws:  § 14, Act on Assessment Procedure (1558/1995),  § 3, Ordinance on Assessment Procedure,  § 169, Value Added Tax Act (1501/1993),  § 10, VAT Ordinance, and  § 37, Prepayment Act (1118/1996). The Decision of 26 Jan 1998 (no 47/1998) of the Ministry of Trade and Industry concerns bookkeeping methods. The first section of this Decision concerns the use of computer automation in accounting. The Accounting Board has issued an official instruction on 22 May 2000 on the implementation of the provisions of the Decision. These instructions include more specific rules on the use of information technology in accounting. In the interest of expediency during tax audits, the Finnish Tax Administration urges corporate taxpayers to follow the recordkeeping rule of six years. In other words, full documentation showing each transaction separately including its entries in accounting records should be kept for six years after the closing of the accounting period. These records also include auxiliary documentation, and they are to be kept in a legible format. * Rules on recordkeeping and reproduction of data Companies are requested to keep the following files and details in a machine-sensible, software-independent format. They should cover the entire time periods to be audited: 1. Journal-type file of the accounting system listing each transaction separately , including the following detailed facts if applicable for the company: †¢Company number, business unit number †¢Document type Sequential number of the accounting voucher/document, which should be the same number as that of the original receipt, voucher or other document found in the books. †¢Date of accounting document / Date of transaction / Accounting period †¢Account number †¢Cost center number †¢Amount in euros (marks), amount in foreign currency, code of currency †¢Descriptions of accounting entries – several descriptions are accepted †¢ Project no, investment no, process no, product no etc. †¢Customer no, supplier no †¢VAT code †¢Any other data fields that help identify the transaction. . Additional files in case the names (of accounts or of cost centers) are not included in the accounting transactions files: †¢Chart of accounts showing every account used during the period, including account name and account number. †¢Lists of cost centers (and their numbers and names) used during various years. †¢Lists showing details of project numbers, investment numbers, process numbers, product numbers etc. used during various years †¢Lists showing VAT codes (with explanations) used during various years †¢Lists of accounting voucher types used Lists showing the sequences of sequential numbers used by the accounting system (can be delivered on paper instead of a computer file) †¢Registers of suppliers and registers of customers, as a computer file, including at least the following facts: ? Business IDs and European VAT numbers ?Customer no, supplier no ?Name ?Address ?Postal code ?Country code 3. Other details: †¢Specifications of records, descri bing each delivered file. †¢Detailed versions of balance sheet (showing each account separately) for the accounting periods to be audited. †¢Model list printed on paper, to show the eginning of the accounting transaction list file, in case numerical fields have been zipped / compressed. * What are the Permissible file types? The files should consist of fixed-length consecutive strings and be free of software-specific characters (and they should not be backup files). Accounting transactions and additional files such as charts of accounts and lists of cost centers should be delivered to us on a physical data medium, which is usually a CD or DVD. The following technical information is mandatory : * Encoding (ascii / ebcdic) Existence of zipped/compressed data elements (please unzip/uncompress) * Number of records * Length of records. If the company cannot deliver the accounting system files where transactions are primarily recorded, tax auditors can alternatively utilize repo rting files or list files. Accounting systems create reporting files and transaction lists associated with the general ledger and journal, accounts receivable and accounts payable What are the Pros and Cons of both manual and E-audit? (Conclusion) There are pros and cons to both the manual and electronic audits. The manual chart review is more time consuming and is subject to both the benefits and liabilities of requiring human judgment during the audit process. The electronic audit is much quicker, although it requires time and attention to careful set up before the first audit can be run. E-audits are independent of human judgment since determinations are made by internally programmed computer logic and are therefore more consistent than manual audits. Their accuracy is more subject to proper PCC documentation, coding and data entry issues. More and more facilities are opting to perform e-audits due to the time savings and ease of performing regular periodic audits once the initial setup has been completed. We encourage the use of electronic audits whenever feasible. For facilities wishing to transition from a manual to an electronic audit, it is imperative that they initially run simultaneous manual and e-audits to compare the results. In theory, the results from the manual and e-audit should be quite similar. If the results of one or more of the audit elements are significantly different, an investigation into the reason(s) for the difference needs to be undertaken.

A Comparison of the Divine in Gilgamesh, the Old Testament of the Bible

The Divine in Gilgamesh, The Old Testament, and Metamorphoses       Along with different languages, customs and traditions, ancient Hebrews, Middle-easterners and Romans had very different beliefs about the divine. For example, Hebrews are monotheistic, while Middle-easterners and Greco-Romans of early time periods believe in many gods. Writings from the ancient time period sketch these differences, as well as the many similarities between religious beliefs. The Old Testament is an excellent reference depicting Hebrew beliefs, while Gilgamesh outlines many Middle-eastern beliefs, and The Metamorphoses shows readers many ancient Greco-Roman beliefs about the divine.    The Hebrew God as depicted in the Old Testament is omnipotent and omniscient. He creates perfect and harmonious order in the universe, as depicted in Genesis 1, "In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. And the Earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters," (51) which was created by Him in six days (47), "Thus the heavens and the earth were finished, and all the host of them. And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made" (52).    Though the Hebrew God is all-powerful, He creates human kind to have free will (47). This free will can be seen in the story of Adam and Eve. Gods warns both Adam and Eve that they can eat anywhere they want, except from the Tree of Knowledge, and they do anyway (53). Along with free will came disobedience (47). The story of Jonah shows this disobedience when the Lord told Jonah to go to Ninevah to tell its inhabitants that they would be punished for their wickedness. Instead, Jonah decides to flee from th... ...rough inspection, because there are also many differences in the religions, such as how many gods citizens may believe in and what their powers are. However similar or different, these texts provide readers with insight into the different cultures throughout the world and offer a basis for the religions that are popular throughout the world today.       Works Cited    The Bible: The Old Testament. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Ed. Sarah Lawall et al. Vol 1. 7th ed. New York: Norton, 1999. 47-97.    Gilgamesh. Trans. N.K. Sandars. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Ed. Sarah Lawall et al. Vol 1. 7th ed. New York: Norton, 1999. 16-47.    Ovid. Metamorphoses. Trans. J.P. Sullivan. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Ed Sarah Lawall et al. Vol 1. 7th ed. New York: Norton, 1999. 895-943.   

The Novel Interactive Technology Education Essay

The participant merely has to do usage of the markers to reply inquiries and acquire responses. When the participant gets the correct answer a response will be heard establishing on the sound of the carnal chosen during the quiz. It is of import to advert that the game has assorted focal points like degrees of trouble, merriment, educational dimension and interactivity. These assorted countries have been considered in the full gambling environment. The game challenges the user by proving his or her ability to reply inquiries on clip and besides right. It ‘s the dream and the endeavoring factor of every parent to supply the best environment for their childs. By supplying a executable and a good environment, kids will turn up to be educated, intelligent and responsible grownups. What you truly necessitate to recognize is that, the things that you teach to your childs at a immature age will hold a great impact on them. It will particularly hold great impact on their acquisition ab ilities for the remainder of their lives. ( Mr. Mark Bennett )EXPLAIN HOW ITS INNOVATIVETeaching spelling to childs is non really one ‘s cup of tea. Spelling has ever been a weak point in non merely childs, but besides with grownups larning and utilizing English. Alternatively of merely giving commands you can assist them bask larning spelling with the aid of some childs spelling games. Spelling games hopefully help actuate them to larn spelling. While playing these games it is a good thought to stress how of import it is to get the hang the right spelling of words. In fact, the spelling games that involve physical activities are even better as childs ever love a combination of physical effort with mental effort. Even games that encourage geographic expedition and â€Å" significance devising † are a hit with childs. ( Aarti Thomas ) . Childs spelling games http: //www.how-to-teach-english-in-japan.com/kids-spelling-games.html [ accessed 18-01-2013 ]Second phasesThe 2nd phases consist of mystifiers mystifiers is an first-class manner to excite a kid ‘s encephalon and will besides assist to develop the most of import accomplishment for their hereafter. Besides that they are a batch of merriment and enjoyment to play excessively. The best thing about mystifiers is that they help in hand-eye coordination. Having proper hand-eye coordination is really much of import for childs. If they are developed at a immature age, it will truly be utile for them.A Whether it ‘s jigsaw mystifiers, word hunts, or animate being mystifiers, labyrinths, most childs love mystifiers and can pass hours work outing them and deciding them! Small do they know they are developing their encephalons to job work out a accomplishment they will profit from for the remainder of their lives. For all these grounds, childs who are good at m ystifiers will happen their ability to garner information, measure a state of affairs, and happen a speedy solution to a job greatly sharpened. This will pay fantastic dividends in their academic, and subsequently, professional calling. It should be noted that many of the mystifiers found in our games are disputing and necessitate repeated efforts in order to work out. Furthermore, some mystifiers are ‘practice makes perfect ‘ mystifiers. Ones where you see how to finish the mystifier really rapidly, but must pattern and maestro the appropriate techniques in order to successfully use them. Large Fish Game hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bigfishgames.com/blog/why-puzzles-are-good-for-kids/ [ accessed 18-01-2013 ]FunEnjoyment and merriment as portion of the acquisition procedure are of import when larning new tools for the scholar is relaxed and motivated and hence more willing to larn. The function that fun topographic point with respect to intrinsic motive in instruction is two times. First, intrinsic motive promotes the desire for return of the experience. Second, merriment can actuate scholars to prosecute themselves in activities with which they have small or no old experience. In simple footings a encephalon basking itself is working more expeditiously. When we enjoy larning, we learn better. Fun has besides been shown by Datillo & A ; Kleiber, 1993 ; Hastie, 1994 ; Middleton, Littlefield & A ; Lehrer, 1992, to increase motive for scholars. Marc Prensky. ( 2001 ) From Digital Game-Based Learning, McGraw-Hill.MULTIPLAYERAA multiplayer gameA is aA gameA which is played by severalA players.A The participants might be independent oppositions, formed intoA teamsA or be merely a individual squad pitted against the game. Games with many independent participants are hard to analyse officially in aA game-theoretical manner as the participants may formA alliances. ( John Nash ) A proved that games with several participants have a stable solution provided that hits between participants are non allowed. He won theA Nobel prizeA forA economicsA for this of import consequence which extendedA von Neumann ‘s theoryA ofA zero-sumA games. Such a stable scheme is called aA Nash equilibrium. Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. 2008. Designed or affecting ore than two ( esp. Many ) participants or participants. K. G. Binmore ( 1994 ) Game Theory and the Social Contract. MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-02444-6. Laszlo Mero, Anna C.Gosi-Greguss, David Kramer ( 1998 ) . Moral computations game theory, logic, and human infirmity. New York: Copernicus. ISBN ) 0- 387-98419-4HOW YOU INTERGRATED THE DUCATIONAL ASPECTSOver the old ages, the survey of animate beings has played an of import portion in understanding what nature is all about. Adults move to different states merely to see these animate beings and kids ask their parents for pets which become their friends and they follow up the lives of these pets like the sound they make, nutrient they eat and besides their behaviour these animate beings which makes this subject in scientific discipline really interesting and merriment, with its demand to analyze and analyse animate beings as portion of nature is disputing because as person thinks they have seen all the animate beings in the universe new animate beings are discovered. We discovered that making an carnal game will assist the childs learn assorted things about animate beings in a really i nteresting manner. By making simple quiz games, the kids become comfy replying quiz inquiries and less likely to be afraid of them. The kid is encouraged to make something that each kid loves to make, that is, drama and win. Finally it helps a kid become relaxed with finishing challenges, particularly when jobs are incorporated into a game and besides assist the kids to better their acquisition accomplishments during leisure clip. A great manner to construct the foundation skills that today ‘s simple school course of study requires. These larning games and vocals are fun. These larning games teach of import accomplishments for preschool and simple school childs. Children will themselves work to develop their focal point and accomplishments with these larning games. Want educational games that help construct accomplishments? You ‘ve come to the right topographic point Learning game for kids.com hypertext transfer protocol: //www.learninggamesforkids.com/word_games/spelling-games/word-scramble.html [ accessed 16-01-2013 ]Benefits of utilizing spelling games and mystifiersFirst and first, spelling games form a welcome interruption for the childs and for you as a instructor! From the usual modus operandi of larning. Everyone needs a interruption sometimes and though the games are fun, there is still a batch of larning involved. Indeed research has shown that our encephalons respond to pleasure. So reenforce the antecedently taught phonics and spelling with some games. Spelling games serve a double intent. They non merely assist a kid better their spelling accomplishments, but besides help pupils interact and construct coherence in the schoolroom every bit long as you keep the ambiance visible radiation. As the instructor, you have much influence over this. As mystifiers are frequently the lodging points in games, they are particularly mature for engendering conversation albeit on the web. Many of us have been forced to make out to other gamers to acquire tips, intimations, and fast ones for work outing mystifiers. Puzzles are a great manner for childs to get down larning the scientific method ( observe, speculate, trial, conclude ) . By taking the clip to detect ( what is this mystifier? ) , speculate ( how am I traveling to work out this mystifier? ) .HOW ITS FITS THE CURRICULUM OF THE AGE 5-6Merely as kids reach physical mileposts in the procedure of larning to walk, there are several of import spelling mileposts that a 5-6 twelvemonth old kid will go through through on the journey to going a successful speller. All kids develop otherwise. For some kids these mileposts will be reached easy as accomplishments develop of course, while other kids will necessitate expressed instruction. However these are the common mileposts you will detect your kid achieve. Parents can back up their childs larning to spell and compose in school by disbursement clip with them at place, reading and playing word games. Word games can assist early authors merely larning how to spell, every bit good as more advanced authors to increase their vocabularies. I ‘ve picked out a few word games that help childs with spelling words and tried them out.

Quality is Being Perfect

Achieving quality† is said to be a major issue throughout industry, commerce and government bodies. It†s just not passing craze of flavour of the month. Quality is vital for growth, survival and prosperity of every organisation. Nowadays, more and more organisations are placing greater emphasis on quality in order for them to prosper and become successful. In this essay I will be explaining the different concepts of quality, which are established by different institutes and people. I will then compare these concepts and give my view on each of them. In the second part of this essay I will be looking at areas of commonality and difference between ‘quality of product manufacture† and ‘quality in service†. Quality is difficult to define but what is sure is that we all know when it is achieved and when it is not. This assessment of quality is subjective and it can vary from different perceptions of individuals. It is the perception of the individual, by what influences his experience and what he thinks. Overall, the word quality can mean different things to different people. For example, the first car that I bought appeared to me to be of superior quality, even though it was thirteen years old, had many rust patches and the roof was leaking. On the other hand, a company director who drives a Rolls Royce may think that the car is a load of scrap. The second-hand car to me was quite satisfactory where it got me to my required destinations, but the company director may think it is bad advertisement and unreliable. For this reason, quality can be defined as ‘fitness for purpose†. It can be defined as fitness for purpose because the second-hand car was fit for my purpose. The definition ‘fitness for purpose†, was defined by an early American quality guru, Dr Joseph Juran. He always believed that if a product was fit for purpose, then it was a quality product. But from my perspective, this is not always true. This is because the second-hand car that I bought was fit for my purpose (transported me in safety), but it was not conceived to be a quality car by many of the people who I showed it to, except the sycophants who always tried to please me. Many people stated that the car was a ‘reject† due to the fact that it was rusty and the roof was leaking. Now that I have sold it, I would agree with these people, it was not a quality car, but it was fit for purpose. So therefore, this prime example gives you an indication that ‘fitness for purpose† does not always mean quality. The definition begs the question of ‘whose purpose? † Plato†s (philosopher) theory suggests that it was the customer who defined the purpose and the customer who defined quality. But Juran†s definition does not even mention the purpose of the customer. Another problem with the fitness for purpose definition is that the purpose may not always be known. Juran believes that the majority of quality problems are because of poor management, rather than poor employee work. In general, he believes that management controllable defects account for over 80 per cent of total quality management problems. Overall, Juran†s definition is too elementary where there is a need to closely define to what is going to be offered, then quality can become ‘conformance to requirements†. Conformance to requirement is widely used in industry to define quality. â€Å"This definition is often attributed to Philip Crosby, another well-known guru of quality†. (Owen,B 1995). Crosby believed that if a product were conformed to requirement, then there would be no such thing as a quality problem where the company itself has established its products based directly on its customers† needs. The Crosby definition places an emphasis to meet a certain specification that also leads to an emphasis on the reliability of the product or service. Reliability ranks with quality in importance where â€Å"it is the ability of the product or service to continue to meet the customer requirements†. (Oakland, 1995). Crosby also states that when a product is produced or when a service is delivered, it should have ‘zero defects†, where you should ‘get it right first time†. What zero defects means is not that people never make mistakes, but that the company does not start expecting them to make mistakes. But from my point of view and from Juran†s perspective, the zero defects approach cannot always help an organisation to achieve quality. Juran believes that employees should be given long-term training, where it should start at the top of the hierarchy of the organisation. The problem with Crosby†s quality control approaches are that there can be clear dangers that the customers can become less important than the standard of the product because there is too much emphasis on control and getting things right first time. This is because every organisation should be able to make certain mistakes and learn from them the next time around. One advantage of his approach is that he places more emphasis on prevention, rather than inspection, so therefore, there can be increased quality where the costs can decrease and thus increasing profits. The main problem with Crosby†s definition is that it is too simplistic. Producing a product that is conformed to requirement that has had no problems during the manufacturing process does not necessarily mean that it is a quality product. For example, a golf player who completes a round without breaking the rule is not necessarily a good quality player. Also, a driver who drives home without breaking the law is not necessarily a quality driver The fitness for purpose and conformance to requirement definitions seeks to establish a level of performance that is acceptable to customers where their needs are met and where they have no cause to complain. But between these two levels there is a ‘grey† area, where the specification is achieved, but where the customers may feel that they have not gained value. For this reason quality can be concerned with ‘ providing a service that delights our customers†. This definition was originated by the late American quality guru, Dr W. Edwards Deming. â€Å"He was the first American quality expert to teach Japanese managers about quality. â€Å"Deming†s work in Japan has been identified as putting Japan on the road to leadership in international business and industry†. (Internet). Deming argued that the customer should not just be satisfied, but delighted in order to gain repeat custom. He also stated that you should always keep ahead of your customers† expectations that include every aspect of supplier-customer relationship, not just the product or service being provided. From my perspective, Deming†s approach to quality is much more perplexing than Juran and Crosby†s definitions. Both Juran and Crosby were focused too much on the product, but Deming covers all of the aspects of quality. Deming also allocates the measurement of quality through statistical calculations where Juran and Crosby are more concerned with the production process measurements. Another quality guru, Armand V. Feiggenbaum who is the chairman of the International Academy of Quality, stresses that quality does not mean ‘best†, but ‘best for the customer use and selling price†. What Fienbaum†s definition is trying to say is that products should be produced to customer requirements and be sold at a good reasonable price, thus achieving quality. From my perspective, this is a good definition. For example, if I buy a television that contains a lot of features, it†s reliable, unique and it is at a good reasonable price, then it would be a quality product to me. Also many people associate price with quality, people expect better quality when paying more, thus Fienbaum gives a good clear definition of quality. To Fienbaum, quality is a way of managing an organisation. He stresses that quality does not only mean that customer problems have to be fixed faster. Like Juran, he says that leadership is essential to a company†s success. Finally, I am going to talk about a well known Japanese guru, Kaoru Ishikawa who is known as the father of ‘quality circles†. Ishikawa stresses that ‘quality does not only mean the quality of a product, but also of after sales service, quality of management, the company itself and the human being. Ishikawa†s definition is trying to say that all of the aspects of the organisation have to be known to be of good quality standard. For example, Rolls Royce produces quality cars but also the company itself and the management is known to be of good quality. So therefore if all of the aspects of the organisation are good quality, then this can lead to good corporate reputation, thus increasing sales and profits. Overall, Ishikawa†s definition is similar to Deming†s and Fienbaum†s definition, where there is a focal point to look at all of the stages of providing quality. In conclusion, all of the guru†s definitions are different and have all proved to be successful in their own situations. It is also worth remembering that all the gurus are consultants and have different definitions due to the fact that they come from different business backgrounds, so therefore, their approaches to quality differ from each other. Now that I have defined the different concepts of quality, I am now going to explain the difference between ‘quality in product manufacture† and ‘quality in service delivery†. A product is any goods other than land, bridges or buildings and includes a product which is comprised within another product whether by virtue of being a component part or raw material or otherwise†. (Dale and Plunkett, 1994). On the other hand â€Å"A service encounter is any direct interaction between a service provider and customers†. (Dale and Plunkett, 1994). Industries, such as financial services, health care, tourism, government, transport and communications have their business activities focused on services rather than products. Quality customer service is now a focus of every organisation where it is typically achieving a competitive advantage. â€Å"Consumers, be they individuals, households or businesses, are more aware of the alternatives on offer; in relation to both services/products, and to provide organisations and rising standards of service†. (Dale and Plunkett, 1994). Overall, the quality of service delivery has become as important as the quality of product manufacture. However, they have several characteristics that distinguish them from each other when providing quality to customers. One main difference between quality in product manufacture and quality in service delivery is that products are tangible and services are not. So therefore when manufacturing a product, a firm will have to make sure that there are no defects on the product and that the product is conformed to requirement. This is because if there are any defects on the product, then consumers have a right to complain with tangible evidence (the product). On the other hand, services are intangible; there is usually little or no tangible evidence to show once a service has been performed. For example, when a mortgage adviser has given his proposition to a consumer, later the consumer will have little or no evidence of the service delivery to prove how good or bad it was. So consequently, from one perspective, service organisations can afford to make mistakes and not get blamed for them, although it can lead to a bad corporate image and serious damages, such as in health care situations. Overall, quality in a product will be evident but quality in service delivery does not always have to be evident due to the fact that services can be intangible. Another key difference between these two is that poor quality products can be replaced but poor quality services cannot always be replaced. So therefore, as Philip Crosby says, you will have to ‘get it right first time† with ‘zero defects† when delivering a service. Overall, an organisation can afford to make mistakes when achieving quality in a manufactured product. But an organisation cannot afford to make mistakes when delivering a service due to the fact that it is very hard or impossible to rectify a poor quality service. For example, if a nurse in the hospital drops a baby and as a result, the baby has a brain damage, then this mistake in the service will be very impossible to rectify. So therefore, in services, such as health care, there are generally fewer errors than in products due to the serious consequences that a service organisation (hospital) can face if it makes a mistake. As Deming states, organisations will have to delight the consumer through their services in order to achieve quality. So therefore, it is essential for service providers, such as doctors, to get it right first time. One other major difference is that it is more difficult to use quality standards in services than products, in the conventional sense. This is because there is the characteristic of heterogeneity, where variability exists in services as a function of labour inputs and non-standardisation of delivery. (Dale and Plunkett, 1994). There can be small variations in products but services can have large variations, it all depends on the individual who is delivering the service. Overall, different individuals deliver services in various different ways. Elimination of the virus of variability in products is easier to tackle than services. Deming†s concept of statistical control is widely used in industry in order to eliminate variation in products. The behaviour of the process remains the same over time with controlled variation and by the use of statistical control. If no statistical control is used, then the behaviour of the process is likely to change, usually in unpredictable ways and at unpredictable times with uncontrolled variation. So therefore, statistical control over the manufacturing of products can achieve quality and eliminate variation. But the problem with the statistical concept is that it cannot eliminate variation in service delivery, the statistical concept is only suitable for manufacturing products. From my perspective, training the staff can only eliminate service variation as Juran says. Overall, I think that huge variations in products such as Walkers Crisps can devalue the product because consumers expect the same taste from each packet, that is said to be of good quality and number one in the UK market. However, there is slight variation in Walkers Crisps, but this is usually common with ever packet of crisp. Recently, there was a research taking place in the UK that is working towards eliminating the variation of tastes of each crisp. The elimination of variation in crisps is another step towards achieving quality in product manufacture. On the other hand, it is sometimes said that the variation in services often produce quality. However, variations in services are usually dealt with by training the staff. Last of all, I think that it is harder to achieve and control quality in service delivery than product manufacture. This is because services (such as doctors† time) cannot be stored to meet fluctuations in demand, but products can be stored. In order to conform to requirement and delight the customer (achieve quality), service organisations will have to meet demands at perplexing times, or otherwise they will find it very difficult to achieve quality. An organisation that does not meet fluctuating demands can gain a bad corporate image, thus decreasing the overall quality of the organisation. I think that service organisations can only meet fluctuating demands by setting out standards. For example, opening seven days a week rather than five days a week or specially opening when demands are excessively high. Realistically, this can be very difficult to achieve. A recent example of a service organisation that is not meeting fluctuating demands is the National Health Authority (NHS). The flu syndrome has recently affected many people in the UK, including the elderly. As a result, more people have been attending to the doctors and hospitals, thus making it more difficult for the NHS to cope with the increasing demand levels. Many appointments and operations have been cancelled in many hospitals due to the increase of patients. This prime example gives you an idea that service organisations cannot always deliver quality due to the fact that they cannot always deliver there services on time. In the above example, many people have criticised the NHS of not providing quality services, in other words, not coping with the fluctuation of demand levels. Overall, I think that only if the whole organisational chain is functioning efficiently can quality be achieved in both products and services. The quality chain links all of the business, and its external suppliers, to provide quality to the consumers. This objective is only achieved if each chain link provides quality. If one fails, then the overall objective of achieving quality is very unlikely to be achieved, the chain will not be functioning properly. For example, if a sales assistant does not have enough knowledge on a certain product, then the customer will not receive sufficient information on the product by the sales assistant,thus the quality of the product will be unrecognised. So therefore, the sales assistant is letting every one else down in the quality chain, thus, the chain will not will moving effectively. In overall conclusion, I think that different individuals perceive quality in different ways because everyone has different perceptions. I also think that in their definitions of quality, the gurus are looking at different aspects of quality in order to find different ways of saying the same thing. Basically, ‘meeting customer requirements† achieves quality because you are producing and delivering what the customer wants you to produce and deliver. As well as meeting customer requirements, ‘delighting the customer† is also a good concept of quality because you are going beyond your customers† expectations when delighting your customer with a product or service. However, all the gurus have different definitions due to the fact that they specialise in different business backgrounds, thus they all give a good definition of quality based on their past experiences. There are many differences in achieving quality in a product than achieving quality in a service. One of the differences is that services are tangible and products are not. Thus leaving little or no evidence of service delivery, even though is was not perceived as good quality. However, if mistakes are made in certain services, then these can not always be rectified, but when manufacturing a product, mistakes can usually be rectified easily without facing serious consequences. The main difference between quality in product manufacture and quality in service delivery is that products can be stored to meet fluctuations in demand, but on the other hand, services cannot always be stored, thus decreasing the quality of service delivery. A good example of a service not being stored is the NHS that is not meeting its recent demand levels. Also, another difference between these two is that there is more variation in services than products. Product variations can usually be controlled, but service variations are more difficult to control, thus this can decrease or increase the quality of service delivery. Last of all, I think that it is more important for service providers to ‘get it right first time† due to the fact that poor services are hard to replace, where faulty products are easily replaced.

buy custom Politicians Discourse Community essay

buy custom Politicians Discourse Community essay Over the past decades, the concept of discourse community has been among the most contested notions in the political arena. This is subject to the range of the well known analysts that this idea is too utopian, sure or hegemonic. From the real social perspective, discourse communities appear to be stable to most advocates. Critics therefore assume an imaginary consensus as well as a shared purpose that does not really reflect the exact experience among the political community (Marshall 26). The fact that the political discourse communities is utopian has been taken to be so seductive to a point that it conceals both the language and social practices which takes place within its boundaries. This therefore has made it difficult for researchers to get into its working systems because it hinders being recognized or studied. For this reason, the issue of political discourse community has maintained its limited educational value (Marshall 26). What Makes the Political Discourse Community? It is difficult to understand the political means of communication in various parts of the world. For example, when looking at a public discourse about political democracy in an Arabic country, there is a fresh way of understanding their political discourse (Paltridge 59). Different methods of combining ethnographic research with communities in various parts of the world lead to a political discourse. This is done with combined investigations in regard to the discourse itself (Paltridge 58). Tools such as anthropology and sociolinguistics as well as pragmatics are used. These tools are broad methods that are applicable in general political discourse. Given the fact that all kinds of discourse are based on social aspects and interaction, it is important to note that individuals use public discourse in order to achieve both political and social goals in a totally new perspective as a result of the significance it creates (Marshall 31). Role of the Political Discourse Community Given the responsibility of the political discourse in the ratification, reproduction as well as the legitimization of power, there have emerged several other critical discourse on political talk and text. Up to this point, most of this study has been done by linguistics together with political discourse analysts owing to the fact that political science is one of the few fields with little of its discourse known (Marshall 30). This is regardless of the fact that there is influence from postmodern approaches of discourse. Despite the fact that political discourse in English is best know in the international level because of its hegemony in English, there is quite a lot of work that has been done in other languages too (Marshall 30-1). Germany, for example has a long history of political discourse analysis. In this study, research is based on the study of language of war and peace, as well as how speech affects political discourse. In analyzing political discourse, there is need to understanding the existence of a strong tradition in studying fascist language and discourse (Marshall 31). This entails understanding of what lexicon, propaganda and the role of media in politics. These go hand-in-hand with knowing the political language. In France, the study of political language has earned respect in the analysis of both politics and discourse (Paltridge 68). What is most important in political discourse analysis is the role played by particular genres in excising power and influence in the entire community (Paltridge 69). In addition, their role in the exact definition of politics and the definition of political institutions is critical in understanding political discourse. For this reason, political institutions as well as the semiotics of the planning, outfit and body language all depend on the transformance of customary forms of expression (Paltridge 71). For example, parliamentary debates in a given politics are made known through the implicit and explicit rules that govern ther conduct. This leads to the emergence of new institutional political genres. The most prominent of all these may be the journalistic interview of politicians as well as the idiosyncratic genre such as the British Radio. These are some examples that describe the relationship between a politician and the general public. As a result, they are described as discour se and linguistic features. The description may go forth to an extent of evaluation of their value and the power to manipulate. The Political Community as a Type of Human Community Political communities are surrounded by the state and influenced by the means of commands. These commands are established by prescription of forces. There is a ratio existing between these forces and the individuals or groups that implement them. For example, in a democratically organized political society, the commands take the place of law and are basically grounded on the value played by justice and equality (Paltridge 59). These laws establish rewards upon which those who observe them are rewarded while those who fail are to be punished. The laws are also aimed at maintaining social order and at the same time imposing sanctions on those go against them. Political discourse is fundamental in the definition of state. The term state is surrounded by an aura of suggestions so that the definition professed by any individual reveals the philosophy of life and a given perspective on the social order (Marshall 34). Therefore, people who are actively participating in politics and government are well informed of the pros and cons of the community they belong to. Politicians are therefore inclined to make considerations in regard to the state being made up of the territory as well as the population that constitute that given territory (Marshall 34). On the other hand, people who are opposed to politics view this perception as a means of restricting their own means to pursue happiness. In addition, some people view political discourse community as people who take responsibility in order to use political influence while considering the state as an impersonal structure. This structure is considered to be an institution, an authority and an abstra ct entity. Furthermore, individuals who consider personal autonomy view the state as an assembly of individuals which is responsible for personal and public actions (Marshall 35). Political community is intrinsically unpredictable. All over time, the political discourse keeps changing its composition, its core values as well as interpersonal processes and associations. The interesting part is that the changing variables are well accepted in both economic and affinitive communities though denied or offensively interpreted by supporting political communities (Paltridge 96). However, in the situation of political communities, state organizations raise the argument of legitimacy in order to maintain or prolong through force in a given territory. Therefore, variability is allowed only in a case of argumentation, in no case in that of diminution/. Political community is justified by neither past justices, nor language nor religion. In addition, history confirms that there is contingency of all political communities in various kinds of organization. Methods of Data Collection Information regarding the political community was collected through interviewing Political Science students at the university during their project presentations. Student union council leaders were also interviewed afterwards. I also interviewed part time student-politicians at the University of Dayton via email. The email interview of part time student politicians took place before elections. In this interview, politicians explained how they are putting into place strategies to come out the best in the political race (Marshall 39). Politicians explain that daily newspapers play a critical role in either building their career or destroying it. Majority of the student politicians are new in the political community. However, tthere were a few who have been in the field long enough to know the pros and cons of political systems. They reason for involvement in politics is to help people feel they are represented in the government (Marshall 39). Politicians explain that they main means of communication are via the print and digital media. They always aim at getting closer to the electorate so that they can win their vote. This is done in a very persuasive way. In some cases, politicians choose to use incentives such money so as to win the electorates interest. From the political science students, I carried a one on one interview. Their response in regard to the political discourse community was not quite detailed. They believe that members of this community share the same idea, though they differ in interest which is propelled by propaganda. They also believe that politicians main reason for involvement in this community is both personal and public, with personal interests in most cases coming first (Paltridge 102). Data Analysis The reason for this choice of method in data collection is because it allows for direct communication with both politicians and political analysts. This also gave me a chance to have a look at the thoughts behind their ideas. The interview was only involving open-ended questions that brought out the understanding of the political community as well as different issues associated with it (Paltridge 61). The data was finally analyzed basing on the John Swales six characteristics of a discourse community. First, politicians seem to have common goals and ambitions. The political community has their target as satisfying the wishes of the general public. This community convinces people of their ability to bring changes that have long been desired. The purpose the existence of such a community is to cause representation of the population in top government and legislative chambers where the general public cannot reach (Marshall 34). Most members of the political community converse mainly through meetings. This is because most members have large followings; they are mostly in meetings to make communications. Cell phones and emails are used in situations where privacy is a key priority. The reason for using meetings for communication is because it shows their commitment and improves their performance in situations where there is need for mergers. In addition, meetings are used to raise money and grow better roots for political influence. The genre for communication in the political community accepted by most members is meetings. This is because in a single meeting, several issues can be discussed as opposed to phone calls or reports. The Lexis for the political discourse is not very unique as compared to other discourses like football coaching. This is because politicians are people from different backgrounds and the main issue involved is communication to the general public. This makes most of their communication formal. The old timers in political discourse are individuals who have been involved in politics for over ten years. These are individuals that are experienced in politics. Newcomers in political discourse are the new individuals who are joining the political community for the first time or are in their first terms in their respective political offices. Newcomers lean the political genre through continued involvement with experienced members and attending most of the meetings. Conclusion The political arena is one of the most involving communities in most countries. Some of the characteristics and traits portrayed by the political class are hard to understand and live by. Politicians have the responsibility of understanding the mind of the electorate and trying as much as possible to win their interest. There are several behind-the-scene factors that make politics interesting or not interesting. This makes it relevant to understand the literacy factors as well as general understanding that one should have in order to involve in politics. Buy custom Politicians Discourse Community essay

Broadening Your Prospective Essay Example for Free

Broadening Your Prospective Essay 1. Compute the activity-based overhead rate for each activity cost pool. Activity-based overhead is determined by dividing estimated overhead by the estimated cost drivers. Activity cost Pool Estimated Overhead /Cost drivers=ACB Overhead Rate Market analysis 1,050,00015,000$70 Product Design2,350,0002,500$940 Product development3,600,00090$40,000 Prototype testing1,400,000500$2,800 2. How much cost would be charged to an in-house manufacturing department that consumed 1,800 hours of market analysis time, was provided 280 designs relating to 10 products, and requested 92 engineering tests? The total charged to an in-house manufacturing department would be $1,046,800. This dollar amount is determined by multiplying the overhead rates of each activity to the amount consumed for that activity and added together for a total. (1,800*70= 126,000), (280*940=263,200) (10*40,000=400,000), (2,800*92=257,600) 3. How much cost would serve as the basis for pricing an R&D bid with an outside company on a contract that would consume 800 hours of analysis time, require 178 designs relating to 3 products, and result in 70 engineering tests? $539,320 would serve as the basis for pricing an R&D bid with an outside company because that dollar amount is the breakeven point. (800*70=56,000), (178*940=167,320), (3*40,000= 120,000), (70*2,800=196,000) 4. What is the benefit to Ideal Manufacturing of applying activity-based costing to its R&D activity for both in-house and outside charging purposes? The benefit to Ideal Manufacturing of applying activity-based costing to its R&D activity for both in-house and outside charging purposes is it will allow the company to gain control of the operating costs of the department. Activity-based costing allows a company to appropriately assign overhead head cost. For example, Ideal manufacturing activities fell into four pools and activity-based costing helped the company to properly allocate its overhead dollars. Under using or over using overhead dollars means the company has to supplement those funds from or to another activity which is a waste to the company. The basis of activity-based costing is to assign cost only to those activities of a product that is actually using the activity in essences cutting costs. This is not only a benefit to Ideal Manufacturing but to any company that is looking to become more efficient and effective. Broadening Your Prospective. (2016, Apr 26). r-prospective-essay We will write a custom sample essay on Broadening Your Prospective specifically for you

Organizations in Social Responsibilities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Organizations in Social Responsibilities - Essay Example And often the law demonstrates our imperfections and uncertainties. Socially responsible behavior is crucial for companies because they, above all, should embody social principles and ideals that must not be violated easily or at all (Beauchamp & Bowie 2003). Organizations should engage in socially responsible behavior because it is a core of business and fair economic relations. We could not live in a community in which taking what one wants had no consequences. So the socially responsible behavior based on law is both a set of structures for social stability and a set of moral guideposts. Individuals rarely cross the border from legal to illegal behavior. But crime is a fact of our everyday life. Organizations should engage in socially responsible behavior because it drives their actions and strategic directions. "Establishing CSR allows a firm to take corrective action by punishing employees who do not comply with company standards and rewarding those who do. For instance, precepts such as 'do not give wrong information ..., do not look for reciprocity" (Boatright 1997, p. 54). When a man assumes responsibility for managing the marketing behavior of a large corporation, he is dealing with every business law of the land, from antitrust to post office regulations. Socially responsible behavior is a framework of business activities and long-term relations. 2.2. Friedman once said 'The social responsibility of firms is to make a profit' (Friedman 1970). Critically evaluate this view given the challenges faced by organisations today to manage a variety of stakeholders. Friedman's statement is based on the unique nature of business and trade relations. The primary aim of any corporations is to make a profit and increase revenues. A company cannot exist without financial resources and marketing activities (even a non-for-profit organizations need financial donations and giving). For many companies, adoption of social responsibilities is no longer a matter of option for major enterprises if the business is to be relevant to the new social progress concerns and social value changes. The business concept offers a conceptual framework for integrating the firm's relationship to its ultimate environment. The main problem is that organizations cannot use personal gains and profit maximization priorities dealing with diverse stakeholders. Friedman is right that social responsibility of a firm of a profit but any company operates in a complex environment and becomes a part of this environment. Companies are forced to follow ethical and moral values as an exte nsion of traditional management and marketing concepts with redefinitions of mission, service, consumer, product, and profit (Boatright, 1997). Companies are obliged to care for the public welfare, especially the interests of shareholders and other "owners" of corporate property, by telling the truth and by resisting unethical propositions. The principle is veracity (truth telling); the assumption about consequences is that airing a grievance will lead to conflict resolution and that all parties, including society per se, will be better off if legal and moral norms are adhered to. The capacity to reflect seems quite limited in this case. The responsibility of business is to manage variety of stakeholders including employees, customers and community. Even if there is a conflict between professional responsibilities